1. Na-eweda ala
The degreasing bụ iwepu griiz si workpiece elu na nyefee griiz n'ime soluble bekee ma ọ bụ emulsify na-achụsakwa griiz na- evenly na stably na bath mmiri dabere na saponification, solubilization, wetting, dispersion na emulsification mmetụta dị iche iche nke griiz si degreasing. ndị ọrụ.The nwale ibiere nke degreasing àgwà bụ: elu nke workpiece ekwesịghị inwe visual griiz, emulsion ma ọ bụ unyi ndị ọzọ mgbe degreasing, na elu kwesịrị kpamkpam wetted mmiri mgbe ịsa.The degenreasing àgwà tumadi dabere na ise ihe, gụnyere free alkalinity, okpomọkụ nke degreasing ngwọta, nhazi oge, n'ibu edinam, na mmanụ ọdịnaya nke degreasing ngwọta.
1.1 alkalinity efu (FAL)
Naanị ịta ahụhụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke onye na-emebi ihe nwere ike nweta mmetụta kacha mma.Ekwesịrị ịchọpụta alkalinity efu (FAL) nke ihe ngwọta na-emebi emebi.FAL dị ala ga-ebelata mmetụta mwepụ nke mmanụ, yana FAL dị elu ga-abawanye ụgwọ ihe onwunwe, na-abawanye ibu na ịsacha mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị, na ọbụna mebie elu na-arụ ọrụ na phosphating.
1.2 Okpomọkụ nke ngwọta na-ebelata
Ekwesịrị iji ụdị ihe ngwọta ọ bụla na-emebi emebi na okpomọkụ kachasị mma.Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị ala karịa usoro a chọrọ, ngwọta nkwụsịtụ enweghị ike inye egwuregwu zuru oke na-eme ka ọ dị ala;ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ dị oke elu, ike oriri ga-abawanye, na-adịghị mma mmetụta ga-apụta, otú degreasing gị n'ụlọnga evaporates ngwa ngwa na ngwa ngwa elu ihicha ọsọ, nke ga-adị mfe ime ka nchara, alkali tụrụ na oxidation, na-emetụta phosphating àgwà nke ụdi usoro. .E kwesịkwara ịhazi njikwa okpomọkụ akpaaka mgbe niile.
1.3 Oge nhazi
Ngwọta nkwụsịtụ ahụ ga-abụrịrị kọntaktị zuru oke na mmanụ na workpiece maka kọntaktị zuru ezu na oge mmeghachi omume, iji nweta mmetụta nkwụsịtụ ka mma.Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na iwetulata oge dị ogologo, a ga-abawanye nhụsianya nke elu ọrụ ahụ.
1.4 Mechanical omume
Mgbasa mgbapụta ma ọ bụ mmegharị ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na usoro mmebi ahụ, agbakwunyere site na nrụ ọrụ, nwere ike ime ka nrụpụta mmanụ sie ike ma belata oge itinye na nhicha;ọsọ nke ịgbasa mmiri na-agba ọsọ karịa ugboro 10 ngwa ngwa karịa nke ịkụda ncha.
1.5 Mmanụ ọdịnaya nke degreasing ngwọta
Ojiji mmiri ịsa ahụ a na-emegharịgharị ga-aga n'ihu na-abawanye ọdịnaya mmanụ n'ime mmiri ịsa ahụ, na mgbe ọdịnaya mmanụ ruru n'ókè ụfọdụ, mmetụta na-emebi emebi na ịdị ọcha nke onye na-emebi ihe ga-adaba nke ọma.A gaghị eme ka ịdị ọcha nke ebe a na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na a na-edobe nnukwu ihe ngwọta nke tank site na ịgbakwunye kemịkalụ.A ghaghị dochie mmiri mmiri na-emebi emebi nke merela agadi na nke mebiri emebi maka tankị dum.
2. Acid pickling
Nchara na-apụta n'elu igwe a na-eji emepụta ngwaahịa mgbe a na-atụgharị ma ọ bụ chekwaa ya ma buru ya.The nchara oyi akwa na rụrụ Ọdịdị na-apụghị ike ike mmasị na isi ihe.Igwe oxide na ígwè ígwè nwere ike ịmepụta cell bụ isi, nke na-akwalite nrụrụ ígwè ma na-eme ka mkpuchi ahụ bibie ngwa ngwa.Ya mere, a ga-ehichapụ nchara tupu eserese.A na-ewepụkarị nchara site n'ịchịkọta acid.Na ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa nke iwepụ nchara na ọnụ ala dị ala, acid pickling agaghị emebi metal workpiece ma nwee ike wepụ nchara n'akụkụ ọ bụla.The pickling kwesịrị izute àgwà chọrọ na e kwesịghị ịhụ anya oxide, nchara na n'elu-etching na pickled workpiece.Ihe na-emetụta mmetụta nke iwepụ nchara bụ tumadi dị ka ndị a.
2.1 acidity efu (FA)
Ịtụ acidity efu (FA) nke tankị pickling bụ usoro nyocha kachasị na nke dị irè iji chọpụta mmetụta mwepu nchara nke tankị pickling.Ọ bụrụ na acidity free dị ala, mmetụta mwepụ nchara adịghị mma.Mgbe acidity free dị oke elu, alụlụ acid dị na gburugburu ebe a na-arụ ọrụ dị ukwuu, nke na-adịghị mma maka nchebe ọrụ;elu igwe na-adịkarị mfe "oke-etching";na ọ na-esiri ike ihichapụ acid fọdụrụnụ, na-akpata mmetọ nke ngwọta tank na-esote.
2.2 Okpomọkụ na oge
A na-eme ọtụtụ pickling na ụlọ okpomọkụ, a ga-emekwa pickling ọkụ site na 40 ℃ ruo 70 ℃.Ọ bụ ezie na okpomọkụ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nkwalite ikike pickling, oke okpomọkụ ga-eme ka corrosion nke workpiece na ngwá ọrụ dịkwuo njọ ma nwee mmetụta dị njọ na gburugburu ebe ọrụ.Oge nchịkọta kwesịrị ịdị mkpụmkpụ dị ka o kwere mee mgbe e wepụrụ nchara kpamkpam.
2.3 Mmetọ na ịka nká
N'ime usoro iwepụ nchara, ngwọta acid ga-anọgide na-ebubata mmanụ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ọcha, na-ewepụkwa ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha site na ncha.Mgbe ion ígwè soluble gafere ụfọdụ ọdịnaya, a ga-ebelata mmetụta nke nchara na-ewepụ ihe ngwọta nke tank ahụ, a ga-agwakọtakwa ion nchara n'ime tank phosphate na ihe fọdụrụ n'elu workpiece, na-eme ka mmetọ na ịka nká nke ngwọta phosphate tank, na na-emetụta oke phosphating nke workpiece.
3. Elu-arụ ọrụ
Elu rụọ ọrụ gị n'ụlọnga nwere ike iwepụ evenness nke workpiece elu n'ihi mmanụ mwepụ site alkali ma ọ bụ nchara mwepụ site pickling, nke mere na a ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke nnọọ mma crystalline emmepe na-guzobere na metal elu, si otú accelerating ọsọ nke phosphate mmeghachi omume na-akwalite guzobe. nke mkpuchi phosphate.
3.1 Ogo mmiri
Nchara mmiri siri ike ma ọ bụ nnukwu ntinye nke calcium na magnesium ion na ngwọta tank ga-emetụta nkwụsi ike nke ngwọta na-arụ ọrụ elu.Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri dị nro mgbe ị na-akwadebe ngwọta tank ahụ iji kpochapụ mmetụta nke àgwà mmiri dị n'elu ihe na-arụ ọrụ.
3.2 Jiri oge
A na-ejikarị nnu colloidal titanium eme ihe na-eme ka ihu igwe rụọ ọrụ nke nwere ọrụ colloidal.Ọrụ colloidal ga-efunahụ mgbe ejiri onye ọrụ ahụ mee ihe ogologo oge ma ọ bụ na-abawanye ion adịghị ọcha, na-eme ka sedimentation na nhazi nke mmiri ịsa ahụ.Ya mere, a ghaghị dochie mmiri mmiri ịsa ahụ.
4. Phosphate
Phosphating bụ usoro mmeghachi omume nke kemịkalụ na electrochemical iji mepụta mkpuchi mgbanwe kemịkalụ phosphate, nke a makwaara dị ka mkpuchi phosphate.A na-ejikarị ihe ngwọta zinc phosphating na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ihe na eserese ụgbọ ala.Ebumnuche bụ isi nke phosphating bụ inye nchebe na metal ntọala, gbochie metal site na corrosion ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, ma melite ikike mgbochi na mgbochi corrosion nke oyi akwa ihe nkiri agba.Phosphating bụ akụkụ kachasị mkpa nke usoro ọgwụgwọ niile, ma nwee usoro mmeghachi omume mgbagwoju anya na ọtụtụ ihe, ya mere ọ na-esiri ike ịchịkwa usoro mmepụta nke mmiri mmiri phosphate karịa mmiri ịsa ahụ ndị ọzọ.
4.1 Acid ruru (oke nke ngụkọta acidity na acidity efu)
Mmụba acid ruru nwere ike mee ka ọnụego mmeghachi omume nke phosphating dị ngwa ma mee phosphatingmkpuchinke dị gịrịgịrị.Ma oke acid ruru ga-eme ka mkpuchi oyi akwa dị oke mkpa, nke ga-eme ka uyi na phosphating workpiece;Ogo acid dị ala ga-ebelata ọsọ mmeghachi omume phosphating, belata nguzogide corrosion, ma mee ka kristal phosphating bụrụ nke na-adịghị mma na nke porous, si otú a na-eduga nchara na-acha odo odo na phosphating workpiece.
4.2 Okpomọkụ
Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ nke mmiri ịsa ahụ na-abawanye n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, a na-eme ngwa ngwa nke ịmepụta mkpuchi.Ma oke okpomọkụ ga-emetụta mgbanwe nke acid acid na nkwụsi ike nke mmiri ịsa ahụ, ma mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke slag pụta na mmiri ịsa ahụ.
4.3 Ọnụ ego nke sedimenti
Site na mmeghachi omume phosphate na-aga n'ihu, a ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye ọnụọgụ nke sedimenti na mmiri ịsa ahụ, na oke sedimenti ga-emetụta mmeghachi omume ihu igwe na-arụ ọrụ, na-ebute mkpuchi phosphate na-adịghị mma.Ya mere, a ga-awụpụ mmiri mmiri ịsa ahụ dịka ọnụọgụ nke arụrụ arụ ọrụ ma jiri oge mee ihe.
4.4 Nitrite NO-2 (nlekọta onye na-eme ngwa ngwa)
NO-2 nwere ike mee ka ọsọ nke mmeghachi omume phosphate dị ngwa ngwa, melite denseness na corrosion resistance nke phosphate mkpuchi.Ọdịnaya NO-2 dị oke elu ga-eme ka oyi akwa mkpuchi dị mfe imepụta ntụpọ ọcha, yana obere ọdịnaya ga-ebelata ngwa ngwa mkpuchi mkpuchi wee mepụta nchara edo edo na mkpuchi phosphate.
4.5 Sulfate radical SO2-4
Nnukwu ntinye nke ngwọta pickling ma ọ bụ njikwa ịsa ahụ na-adịghị mma nwere ike ịbawanye radical sulfate n'ime mmiri ịsa ahụ phosphate dị elu, yana oke sulfate ion ga-ebelata ọsọ mmeghachi omume phosphate, na-ebute kristal mkpuchi phosphate na-enweghị isi na nke porous, ma belata nguzogide corrosion.
4.6 Ferrous ion Fe2+
Ọdịnaya dị elu nke ion ion dị elu na ngwọta phosphate ga-ebelata nguzogide corrosion nke mkpuchi phosphate na ụlọ okpomọkụ, mee ka mkpuchi phosphate dị kristal na ọkara okpomọkụ, na-abawanye sedimenti nke ngwọta phosphate na okpomọkụ dị elu, na-eme ka ngwọta ahụ bụrụ apịtị, na-amụba acidity n'efu.
5. Nkwụsị ọrụ
Ebumnuche nke nkwụsịtụ bụ iji mechie pores nke mkpuchi phosphate, meziwanye nguzogide corrosion ya, na karịsịa imeziwanye nchikota na nguzogide corrosion n'ozuzu ya.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere ụzọ abụọ nke nkwụsị, ya bụ, chromium na chromium-free.Otú ọ dị, a na-eji nnu inorganic alkaline mee ihe maka nkwụsịtụ na ọtụtụ n'ime nnu nwere phosphate, carbonate, nitrite na phosphate, nke nwere ike imebi ogologo oge adhesion na nguzogide corrosion.mkpuchi.
6. Ịsacha mmiri
Ebumnuche nke ịsacha mmiri bụ iwepụ mmiri mmiri fọdụrụnụ na elu workpiece site na mmiri ịsa ahụ gara aga, na ịdị mma ịsacha mmiri na-emetụta àgwà phosphating nke workpiece na nkwụsi ike nke mmiri ịsa ahụ.Ekwesịrị ịchịkwa akụkụ ndị a n'oge ịsa mmiri nke mmiri ịsa ahụ.
6.1 Ọdịnaya nke sludge fọdụrụ ekwesịghị ịdị elu.Ọdịnaya dị oke elu na-ebute ntu n'elu ala workpiece.
6.2 N'elu nke mmiri ịsa ahụ kwesịrị ịbụ nke na-adịghị arụ ọrụ kwụsịtụrụ.A na-ejikarị ịsacha mmiri na-erubiga ókè iji hụ na enweghị mmanụ kwụsịtụrụ ma ọ bụ adịghị ọcha ndị ọzọ n'elu mmiri ịsa ahụ.
6.3 Uru pH nke mmiri ịsa ahụ kwesịrị ịdị nso na-anọpụ iche.Uru pH dị elu ma ọ bụ dị ala ga-eme ka ọwa mmiri nke mmiri ịsa ahụ dị mfe, si otú a na-emetụta nkwụsi ike nke mmiri ịsa ahụ na-esote.
Oge nzipu: Mee-23-2022